Editorial: Radiation-induced and oxidative DNA damages
نویسندگان
چکیده
The study of DNA lesions and changes, produced by interaction with UV or ionizing radiation and by the effects of oxidative stress, is a multidisciplinary research field in life sciences that has yelded exciting discoveries in the last few decades. The importance of this study is clearly enhanced by its strong societal impact, because of the connections of DNA lesions with carcinogenetic processes, which lead to the disruption or mismatching of the genetic information. As well, the controlled and selective production of lesions is a promising tool for the development of novel antitumoral strategies and drugs. The multidisciplinary character requires a combined effort from simulation and modeling studies, together with high-level experimental and analytical chemistry, spectroscopy, up to biochemical or cellular biology tools. In this Research Topic, we present a collection of articles focusing on DNA bases photoinduced and radiation damages, on the DNA interactions, on potential drug development and on the effect of radicals on DNA constituents. The fundamental reactions of DNA constituents are taken into account for instance by the investigation of the potential mutagenic effects of NO 2 radical to guanine and cytosine base pairs (Cerón-Carrasco et al., 2015) by high level simulation protocols. An ameliorated protocol has also been developed and validated to achieve a better accuracy in the determination of radiation-induced lesions in purine moieties (Terzidis et al., 2015) embedded in double-and single-strand DNA. The improved quantification of purine 5 ′ ,8-cyclonucleosides resulting from the cyclization of C5 ′ radical on DNA has also been tackled (Terzidis and Chatgilialoglu, 2015). The association constant of lipophilic derivatives of the 5 ′ ,8-cyclo-2 ′-deoxyguanosine with 2 ′-deoxycytidine has been studied by voltammetry NMR techniques (Capobianco et al., 2015). DNA sensitization by endogenous molecules has also been covered. The oxidative profile of copper phenanthrene chemical nucleases interacting with DNA has been presented (Molphy et al., 2015) together with a variety of biophysical data. Furthermore, Förster Resonant-Energy-Transfer has been used to prove the flexibility and dynamical behavior of short double-strand DNA sequences intercalated by organometallic compounds (Jia et al., 2015). Connected to spectroscopy a very detailed analysis of the excited state potential energy landscape of solvated guanine monophosphate has been reported with high level ab initio techniques, together with an analysis of principal photochemical pathways (Altavilla et al., 2015). Furthermore, two reviews, one on simulation and modeling of DNA lesions (Dumont and Monari, 2015) and the other on stress-induced …
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Protective effect of ferulic acid on ionizing radiation induced damage in bovine serum albumin
Background: Ionizing radiation causes deleterious effects on living system mainly due to oxidative damages of macromolecules and protein is the major target due to its abundance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation induced changes in the molecular properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA) its secondary and tertiary structures, degradation, cross linking and...
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It has been postulated that ionizing radiation produces a unique form of cellular DNA damage called "clustered damages" or "multiply damaged sites". Here, we show that clustered DNA damages are indeed formed in Escherichia coli by ionizing radiation and are converted to lethal double-strand breaks during attempted base-excision repair. In wild-type cells possessing the oxidative DNA glycosylase...
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Background: Alpinia galanga L. belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is widely grown in the state of Kerala, India. They are effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger under both in vitro and in vivo condition. The efficacy of the isolated flavonoids in conferring protection from radiation induced damages to genomic DNA was studied. Materials and Methods: The bioflavonoids, galangin and k...
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